New steering oar, an AD scull.

We had another sail today, in a very light wind.

Initially there was no wind and we went out with no rigs. The new paddle worked well, moving the boat at a pretty good speed, even with just one person paddling. I'll have to make some more because I'd love to see how it goes with four people paddling. We paddled and sculled across across the lake and back (total about a mile and a half) pretty easily.

I had made a 12 foot steering oar (it was originally 13 foot, but I had to cut it down to fit in our van) with an asymetric blade, based on the 'AD scull' idea but largely guesswork because I couldn't much information. My new rowlocks are apparently slightly different sizes, because the oar was a nice snug fit in one, but too tight in the other and wouldn't rotate, so I could only scull when the oar was on one side. I found sculling to be quite natural and very quick to learn and about as fast as paddling but with much better steering control. I tried rigging up a line to hold the front of the oar down and sculling with one hand on the line, but didn't find it useful. There wasn't much force on it, and it didn't seem to help control the angle of the blade - maybe there are subleties I've missed.

Later a light wind arrived and we put up the sails, this time with kickers on both sails. There was still a little weather helm, even with the fore sail over sheeted and aft sail eased a little - however it was easily overcome with the steering oar, or just by moving to the aft cockpit. Here are a couple of short video clips, showing how the two sails push us along at quite a reasonable speed in almost no wind.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3ALma58dqew
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KRgtCrqZUpE

I've made a new, much stronger centreboard, but the old pivot bolt is too short so we were sailing without it today.

Finally, here's a short clip of us playing with the new safety ama, experimenting to see if we could use it to tack the boat. Tipping the boat didn't really affect its course, and left me a bit trapped behind the sail, so we won't be doing this regularly. It is however a good demonstration of how gently it settles into the 'tipped' position, and how much buoyancy there is.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yqlkUDq1a9U

We also checked that we can both stand on it without sinking it.

First sail of the full size Wa'apa

Today we made it onto the water with the new middle section (making 24 foot), extended trailer, safety ama and twin laser rigs.

Things that went well

Today's wind started at a force 4 and now we have twice the power we were going pretty quickly but it was a bit too much for Liz to balance on her own. The safety ama saved us several times, touching down in a very smooth, progressive way and giving us plenty of time to release the sheets. Unlike the drain pipe, there's no great explosion of spray and reduction of speed when it hits the water. I'm very happy with it. It's nice and light to move around too.

The reshaped steering oar was a big improvement, removing all the twisting force and making steering much easier - but it's much too short, I had to sail from the rear cockpit to reach the rowlocks, which meant I couldn't help balance the boat. It also bends alarmingly - I need to beef it up, and maybe cut it down to be an ordinary paddle.

Tacking with two sails was a huge improvement, over both the single laser rig and shunting the crab claw rig. We'd sheet in just the rear sail to head up, then when almost head to wind Liz would back the foresail to push the bow around, then sheet it in to bear away. We did some tacks without the steering oar but found the oar useful on the tacks that put the ama out the outside of the turn. Occasionally we picked up quite a bit of speed in reverse but backing both sails on opposite sides still turned the boat with ease.

The new beam lashing arrangement worked well, saving lots of time at the start and end of the day. One end of the rope is attached to a hole in the seat, the turns just go around blocks on the outside of the boat (no more fiddly holes) and the running end is secured to a cleat (no more dodgy knots). It's just about visible in the picture above.

Things that didn't

There was a nasty splintering sound almost as soon as we powered up, and the centreboard folded at it's pivot. I couldn't see any signs of rot, I think we just expected too much from half inch plywood. It even broke the two inch thick handle that was supposed to reinforce the pivot! Fortunately we didn't really miss it as we were just reaching back and forth.


More seriously, the rigs aren't balanced. I couldn't apply much power with the aft sail without the boat heading up into wind. This meant I needed the oar to keep us straight, and thus needed to stay in the aft cockpit to give the oar something to lever against. It's possible that this is just because we didn't have a kicker (vang) on the front rig, or we may have to try a smaller sail at the rear (laser 4.7, maybe even an optimist rig!). Moving the rigs forward would involve a hole in the forward watertight compartment, and moving the centreboard would mean not using the nice reinforced pivot I've built in the middle of the boat, and possibly drilling a number of holes the find the right spot.

Anyway, we had a blast and have a fresh set of problems to solve.

Other thoughts

I also spent a while sailing the clubs training dinghys for our open day, and it was an interesting comparison. The Wa'apa was very dry to sail, while the Wayfarer smashed into every little wave and sent sheets of spray over the crew. It was fast but also very relaxed without every gust or lull tipping the you over (although not relaxed enough to take photos - the oar is a two handed job!) It's also very light - I could move it around on our little dolly on my own, even on a slope with slightly soft tires.

Here's a picture of the boat on it's trailer, with the safety ama on top - pretending it's a much bigger boat with a cabin.

The trailer worked well, but doesn't have a lot of ground clearance at the back. The lighting board was knocked off when we hit a rock in the roughest part of the track in the dinghy park.

Spring update

Spring is finally here, and while we've not had much nice sailing weather, it's time to get ready for the season. Building the middle section of the boat was only a fraction of the work that is required to actually sail it. I really want to try sailing a two masted boat, so I plan to use two laser rigs. One will go in the mast step and partner that I used in the 16' boat, and another will go in a new step and partner somewhere in the middle section. So I've made those, and another mast extension.

The spare step is so I can rig the boat with a single sail, for when it's really windy.

As we capsized a few times last year, and the drain pipe didn't have enough buoyancy to support us, I've built a 'safety ama'. This will slip onto the ends of the beams on the side opposite the existing ama. It won't touch the water unless we're about to capsize. It's made from a single 8x4' sheet of 6mm exterior ply and should have over 200 litres of buoyancy. The edges are all covered in glass tape and epoxy. It would have been much easier to build if only the bottom was cuved, but I've curved the 'outside' too. This meant that the beam sockets had to stick out, and one seam has a tricky double curve but I think it looks better and heopfully there will be less slamming and splashing when it hits a wave. Here it is, in front of the rest of the boat, which has spend the winter stacked up in my garage.

Also in the photo is the modified steering oar - I've removed half of one side to make it more balanced. That might sound wrong but the centre of pressure of an aerofoil is 25-33% back from the leading edge. It may need a bit more off because it sits at an angle in the water. It probably also needs to be about a meter longer and have a thicker shaft but I want to get the blade shape right before building another. Another minor improvement is some proper rowlocks for the steering oar. The 'two peg system' I used last year limited the steering angle and nearly broke a few times.

Next to the steering oar is a paddle - I had been using paddles that I made (rather crudely) a few years ago for children in Optimists but they were a bit short, had small blades and had been left out in all weathers. This one might be too big, but like the steering oar, I can always cut it down.

A longer boat needs a longer trailer. I'd picked a trailer that used a scaffold pole for it's spine, so it was relatively easy to fit a longer pole. I say 'relatively' because while it's easy to buy scaffolding on-line, the postage on a 21' steel pole is ten times the price of the pole - no wonder they sell them in packs of 100! Eventually I found a local company who would sell me one of theirs and deliver it when they were passing - thanks Worth Scaffolding! The diagonal braces were looking a little rusty, so I replaced them with some much beefier scaffold tubes that will also support a wooden bearer for the boat. Here's a picture of it as we were building it, looking comicly out of proportion due to our camera's wide angle lens.

Another 'little' job was extending the boat cover - unpicking about 5 meters of stitching and sewing a new panel in the middle. Now I'm just waiting for a few odds and ends and we're ready to get back on the water.